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GCSE History · key term
The United States government and the states that remained loyal to it during the American Civil War.
Used by AQA and OCR
Paper 1
The United States as a single nation, which Lincoln sought to preserve against southern secession.
Revise: Key Events and Figures in the Lead-Up to WarJohn Bell also stood for the Constitutional Union Party. This division among Lincoln’s opponents helped him win: he secured about 40% of the popular vote and 180 electoral votes.
Paper 3
The United States as a united country; during the Civil War, the states that remained loyal to the federal government.
Revise: Divisions and causesMissouri entered the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state, preserving the balance between them. Slavery was prohibited in western territories north of latitude 36°30′, with Missouri itself excepted. The compromise drew a geographical boundary, but it did not settle the underlying disagreement about slavery.
Use precise chronological links: Lincoln’s election came before secession; his inauguration came after the first seven states had left the Union.
Distinguish the Emancipation Proclamation’s declaration of freedom from its enforcement: freedom in Confederate-controlled areas depended on Union military advances.
Do not claim that the proclamation freed every enslaved person. Loyal border states and specified Confederate areas already under Union control were excluded.
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