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GCSE History · key term
African Americans who migrated from the southern United States to Kansas in the late 1870s and early 1880s, seeking greater freedom, safety and economic opportunity.
Used by AQA, Edexcel and OCR
Paper 1
African Americans who moved from the South to Kansas, particularly in 1879, seeking land, greater freedom and escape from racial oppression.
Revise: Settlement of the WestThe Exodusters, who moved to Kansas particularly in 1879, hoped western settlement would offer greater freedom as well as economic opportunity. Poor white farmers also left the damaged southern economy in search of a better life.
Paper 2
African-American migrants who left the southern United States for Kansas in the movement known as the Great Exodus, particularly in 1879.
Revise: Changes in Farming and SettlementThe Exodusters were African Americans who migrated from the South to Kansas, particularly during the Great Exodus of 1879. Many had formerly been enslaved. The movement's name recalled the biblical Exodus: migrants hoped to escape oppression and reach a place where they could build freer lives.
Paper 3
Revise: African AmericansAround 40,000 Exodusters moved from the South to Kansas in the late 1870s and early 1880s.
Keep the settlement dates distinct: the Exoduster movement to Kansas in 1879, the declaration that the frontier was closed in 1890, and the Oklahoma Land Rush of 1893.
Explain both push and pull factors for the Exodusters: racial violence and poverty encouraged departure, while landownership and Kansas's anti-slavery reputation attracted migrants.
Support judgements with specific examples, such as the Exodusters’ move to Kansas, Plessy v. Ferguson and Washington’s Tuskegee Institute.
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