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GCSE Combined Science · key term
Everything outside the reacting chemicals that can exchange energy with them, such as the surrounding solution, container and air.
Used by AQA and Edexcel
Specification 5.5.1.1 · Paper 3
Revise: Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions: Energy Transfers and UsesChemical reactions change reactants, the starting substances, into products, the substances formed. They can also transfer energy between the reacting chemicals and their surroundings. The surroundings include the solution around the reacting particles, the container and the nearby air.
Specification Heat energy changes in chemical reactions · Paper 3, Paper 4
Everything outside the reacting system that can exchange energy with it.
Revise: Heat energy changes in chemical reactionsChemical changes involve energy transfers between the system—the reacting substances—and the surroundings. The surroundings include the solution, container and air around the reacting particles. When heat transfers to or from a solution, its temperature changes.
State both the direction of energy transfer and the temperature change of the surroundings when explaining whether a reaction is exothermic or endothermic.
State the direction of heat transfer: exothermic gives heat to the surroundings; endothermic takes heat from the surroundings.
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