OCR GCSE Classical Civilisation · J199
Paper 3
Retaliation against someone for an injury or wrong suffered by oneself or others.
Revise: Justice, Revenge and DeceitAfter reaching his ship, Odysseus changes from concealing himself to taunting Polyphemus. He declares that Zeus and the other gods have taken revenge for the Cyclops’ murder of his guests. This connects punishment with xenia, the obligations of guest-friendship: Polyphemus has done the opposite of protecting visitors.
- Revise: Prescribed Texts
- Revise: Core Themes of the Odyssey
Punishment inflicted in response to a wrong, often by the person harmed or their supporters; whether it constitutes justice requires judgement.