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GCSE Biology · key term
A large storage carbohydrate made from glucose and stored particularly in liver and muscle cells.
Used by AQA, Edexcel and OCR
Specification 4.5.3.2 · Paper 2
A carbohydrate made from glucose and stored mainly in liver and muscle cells.
Revise: Blood Glucose ControlIn liver and muscle cells, excess glucose is converted into glycogen, a stored carbohydrate. Both the movement into cells and storage as glycogen reduce blood glucose concentration. For example, after a carbohydrate-rich meal, glucose enters the blood; insulin helps bring the resulting rise back down.
Specification 7.2, 7.13, 7.14 · Paper 2
State the correct conversion in the liver: glycogen is changed into glucose. Do not reverse it.
Keep the substances distinct: insulin is the hormone, glucose is the soluble sugar in the blood, and glycogen is the storage carbohydrate.
State that insulin causes or stimulates the responses of target cells; insulin is not converted into glycogen.
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A storage carbohydrate that can be changed into glucose, particularly in the liver and muscles.
Adrenalin stimulates the liver to change stored glycogen into glucose. The glucose enters the blood and can be delivered to muscle cells.
A carbohydrate used to store glucose in animal cells, particularly in the liver and muscles.
Specification B3.3c, B3.3d · Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Higher)
A stored form of glucose found in liver and muscle cells.
Revise: Insulin and blood sugarInsulin is a hormone: the blood carries it to cells that respond to it. It causes liver and muscle cells to take up glucose and store it as glycogen. This removes glucose from the blood, bringing the blood glucose level back towards its usual range.
The stored form of glucose found in liver and muscle cells.
Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 2 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Higher), Paper 4 (Higher)
A large, insoluble carbohydrate made from many glucose molecules and used to store glucose in liver and muscle cells.
Revise: InsulinGlycogen is made by joining many glucose molecules together. Storing glucose in this form removes dissolved glucose from the blood, so the blood glucose concentration falls towards its normal range. When energy is needed later, the stored carbohydrate can provide a reserve, although the hormonal control of its release is considered separately.
A storage carbohydrate made from many joined glucose units and stored particularly in the liver and muscles.