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Browse key terms and definitions across all GCSE subjects. Search by keyword or filter by subject and exam board.
23,110 key terms
Measure of central tendency
A statistic describing the centre or typical value of a dataset, such as its mean, median or mode.
Measure of central tendency
A single value used to represent the centre or typical value of a data set, such as the mean, median or mode.
Measure of central tendency
A summary value describing the centre or a typical value of a dataset, such as its mean, median or mode.
Measure of central tendency
A summary of the centre or typical value of a set of results. The mean, median and mode are measures of central tendency.
Measure of dispersion
A summary describing how spread out the values in a data set are.
Measure of dispersion
A numerical summary of how spread out a set of results is. The range is a measure of dispersion.
Measure of spread
A measure describing how widely data values vary, such as the range or interquartile range.
Measure of spread
A numerical description of how much the values in a dataset vary. Examples include the range, interquartile range and standard deviation.
Measuring range
The interval between the smallest and largest values that an instrument can measure.
Mebibyte
A binary file-size unit equal to 1024 KiB, or bytes; abbreviated MiB.
Mechanical advantage
The ratio of effort-arm length to resistance-arm length, indicating the force advantage provided by a lever.
Mechanical advantage
The ratio of output load force to input effort force: . It has no unit.
Mechanical device
A component or arrangement of moving parts that transmits or changes movement and forces to perform a task.
Mechanical disadvantage
An arrangement in which the effort arm is shorter than the load arm, requiring greater effort to overcome the load but benefiting movement speed and range.
Mechanical energy transfer
The transfer of energy by a force acting through a distance.
Mechanical fastener
A component, such as a nut or bolt, used to hold parts together mechanically rather than by adhesive bonding.
Mechanical finish
A treatment that changes fabric through physical action, such as rolling or brushing.
Mechanical fixing
A physical fastener, such as a screw or nail, that holds components together.
Mechanical guidance
Guidance provided through objects or equipment that assist or support a performer’s movement.
Mechanical joint
A connection that holds parts together through physical engagement, clamping or deformation, such as a screwed, bolted or riveted joint.
Mechanical process
A process in which a force acts as an object or part of a machine moves through a distance.
Mechanical property
A characteristic describing how a material behaves under forces, such as its strength, toughness or elasticity.
Mechanical pulping
Separating wood fibres by grinding woodchips.
Mechanical raising
The incorporation of air into a food mixture through physical actions such as whisking, beating or creaming.
Mechanical transfer
An energy transfer caused by a force acting through a distance.
Mechanical valve
An artificial, durable valve used to replace a faulty heart valve.
Mechanical valve
A manufactured replacement heart valve that controls the direction of blood flow.
Mechanical weathering
The physical breakdown of rock into smaller pieces without changing its chemical composition.
Mechanical work
Energy transfer caused by a force moving an object through a distance.
Mechanical work
Energy transferred by a force as it moves an object through a distance in the direction of the force.
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