Density, Heat Capacity, and Latent Heat

• Describe, in terms of temperature change and specific heat capacity, the energy transfers that happen when heating changes a system.
• Define the term specific heat capacity and distinguish it from the term specific latent heat.
• Select and apply the relationship between the change in internal energy of a material, its mass, specific heat capacity, and temperature change:

$\Delta E = m \times c \times \Delta \theta$

• Explain how to use apparatus safely to find a material's specific heat capacity.
• Select and apply the relationship linking mass and specific latent heat to the energy needed for a change of state:

$E = m \times L$

• Describe the changes in how energy is stored when a system changes and temperature rises, such as a moving object hitting an obstacle, an object slowing down, or water boiling in an electric kettle.
• Calculate the energy transferred when the temperature of a system changes, recalling or choosing the right equations for thermal, electrical and mechanical processes.