Surface Finishes and Treatments

Describe decorative surface treatments including fabric painting, batik, couching, embroidery, appliqué, and printing.
Evaluate construction-based decorative techniques such as patchwork and quilting, alongside resist dyeing.
Analyze chemical finishes applied for functionality, such as bleaching, mercerising, fire proofing, stain resistance, and waterproofing.
Understand physical finishing processes like calendering, raising, and heat-setting.
Describe biological treatments like biostoning and biopolishing.
Evaluate the integration of smart finishes, including thermochromic and anti-bacterial properties, or micro encapsulation.

What you need to know