Ecology

Understand that the Sun acts as the primary source of energy passing through ecosystems.

Explain how vital materials, including carbon and water, are continually recycled by the living world through the respiration of animals, plants, and decomposing microorganisms, as well as being taken up by plants during photosynthesis.

Describe ecosystems as complex, interdependent communities of animals and plants adapted to specific abiotic and biotic conditions.

Evaluate the importance of the essential services provided by ecosystems in supporting human life and ongoing development.

Assess the necessity for humans to engage with the natural environment in a sustainable manner to continue benefiting from ecosystem services.

Analyze how specific human activities threaten biodiversity and the fundamental natural systems that support it.

Evaluate the critical actions required to protect the environment to ensure future human health, prosperity, and well-being.