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GCSE Religious Studies · key term
Islamic theology that uses reason and argument to explain and defend religious beliefs.
Used by Edexcel
Specification 1.6 · Paper 3
Revise: The Cosmological Argument in IslamKalam is the tradition of using rational arguments to explain and defend religious beliefs; it is not simply another word for the cosmological argument.
Specification 2.6 · Paper 1, Paper 2, Paper 3
An Islamic tradition of reasoned theology that uses arguments to explain and defend religious beliefs.
State the kalam premise precisely: whatever begins to exist has a cause. It does not claim that everything, including Allah, must have a cause.
Name al-Ghazali and Kitab al-Iqtisad fi’l-I‘tiqad when explaining the Islamic kalam argument.
State the kalam premise accurately: whatever begins to exist has a cause—not everything that exists has a cause.
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Kalam is an Islamic tradition of reasoned theology: it uses arguments to explain and defend religious beliefs. Al-Ghazali (1058–1111) was a Muslim scholar who used this approach to defend belief in Allah as Creator. His writings include Kitab al-Iqtisad fil'Itiqad.
