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GCSE Geography · key term
Rotational mass movement in which material moves downhill along a curved slip surface.
Used by Edexcel and OCR
Specification 1.3, 1.7 · Paper 1
Revise: Coastal Physical ProcessesIn slumping, the material moves along a curved surface and rotates as it descends. Slumping is common in weaker material such as clay. Heavy or prolonged rainfall can saturate the slope and make it heavier, increasing the likelihood of movement.
The downhill movement of a mass of rock or soil along a curved slip surface, with rotation of the moving material.
Paper 2
A mass movement in which material moves down a slope along a curved slip surface, often when a cliff becomes saturated.
Revise: Human Impacts and Landscape Change at the CoastMuch of the coastline consists of soft boulder clay, also called glacial till. It is easily eroded and prone to slumping, especially after heavy rain. Wave erosion removes material from the cliff base, while rainfall can make the cliff material less stable.
Specification 3.2a · Paper 1, Paper 3
Mass movement in which material moves down a curved slip surface and rotates.
Revise: Geomorphic Processes: Weathering, Mass Movement, Erosion, Transport and DepositionIn slumping, the slip surface is curved. A block moves downwards and rotates as it slips, leaving a curved scar behind it. Slumping commonly affects weak material such as clay, especially when it becomes saturated and heavy.
For a climate explanation, build a causal chain: prolonged rainfall → saturated, heavier cliff material → increased risk of slumping → cliff retreat.
Distinguish sliding along a relatively straight surface from slumping along a curved surface with rotation.
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