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GCSE Citizenship Studies · key term
A judicial office-holder who hears cases, applies the law and manages proceedings. Judges may decide civil disputes and sentence convicted offenders.
Used by AQA and Edexcel
Paper 2
Revise: The Operation of the Justice SystemThe judiciary includes the judges and magistrates who decide cases, alongside those carrying out judicial roles in tribunals. Judicial independence means that decisions should be based on the law and evidence, not pressure from politicians, the police or public opinion.
Paper 1, Paper 2
A legally qualified person who manages court proceedings, applies the law and makes judicial decisions, including sentencing convicted defendants.
In a Crown Court jury trial, the jury decides guilt and the judge decides the sentence after conviction.
In a trial with a jury, jurors decide guilt and the judge decides the sentence if the defendant is convicted. Magistrates can decide both guilt and sentence in cases they hear.
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A judge is legally qualified and responsible for managing court proceedings fairly. Judges ensure that legal procedures are followed and that both sides can present their cases. Their work includes criminal cases and civil disputes.
