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GCSE Chemistry · key term
Adding chlorine to water to kill harmful microorganisms.
Used by Edexcel and OCR
Specification 2.12 · Paper 1
Revise: Potable Water TreatmentChlorination kills harmful bacteria and other microorganisms that may remain after the solids have been removed. The three stages therefore have different jobs: sedimentation removes particles that settle, filtration removes finer suspended particles, and chlorination makes the water safer by killing microorganisms.
Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 2 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Higher), Paper 4 (Higher)
The controlled addition of chlorine to water to kill harmful microorganisms.
Revise: Potable water methodsChlorination is the controlled addition of chlorine to kill microorganisms that could cause waterborne disease. It is a disinfection stage rather than a method for filtering out solids or removing dissolved salts.
Give the stages for treating waste or groundwater in order: sedimentation, filtration, then chlorination. Explain what each removes or kills.
Do not say that filtration removes dissolved salts or that chlorination removes solid particles.
When comparing water sources, link each impurity to a suitable treatment: insoluble particles to filtration, biodegradable organic matter to aerobic bacteria, microorganisms to chlorination, and dissolved salt to desalination.
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