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GCSE Biology · key term
A protein made by lymphocytes that binds to a particular antigen.
Used by AQA, Edexcel and OCR
Specification 4.3.1.6, 4.3.1.7 · Paper 1
A protein produced by lymphocytes that binds to a particular complementary antigen.
Revise: Human Defence SystemsWhite blood cells make an important contribution through three processes: phagocytosis, antibody production and antitoxin production.
A protein made by white blood cells that binds specifically to an antigen.
Specification 5.13, 5.14, 5.21B, 8.6 · Paper 1, Paper 2
A Y-shaped protein produced by B-lymphocytes that has a binding site complementary to one particular antigen.
Revise: Specific Immune SystemDifferent kinds of pathogen can carry differently shaped antigens, so the body must produce the appropriate antibody for the antigen it has encountered.
A protein made by lymphocytes that binds to a specific, complementary antigen.
A protein produced by a lymphocyte that binds to a particular antigen.
A protein produced by lymphocytes that binds to a specific antigen on a pathogen.
Specification B6.3e, B6.3i, B6.3j, B6.3l, B6.3o · Paper 2 (Foundation), Paper 4 (Higher)
A protein that binds to a particular antigen.
Revise: Reducing spreadA test containing an antibody that binds to that antigen may produce a coloured line or other colour change when the antigen is present. This gives more specific evidence than symptoms alone. The test must be designed for the pathogen being investigated.
A protein that binds specifically to a particular antigen.
A protein made by lymphocytes that binds to a specific antigen.
A protein made by lymphocytes that binds specifically to a particular antigen.
Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 2 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Higher), Paper 4 (Higher)
A protein produced by white blood cells whose antigen-binding sites bind specifically to a particular antigen.
Revise: Immune System RoleOthers produce antibodies. An antibody has antigen-binding sites at the ends of its arms. A binding site has a complementary shape to one particular antigen, so the antibody is described as specific to that antigen.
A protein made by certain white blood cells that binds to a specific antigen.
A protein produced by white blood cells that binds specifically to a particular antigen.
A protein made by lymphocytes that has a binding site complementary to a particular antigen.
A protein made by a lymphocyte whose binding site has a complementary shape to a particular antigen.
Keep antigen, antibody and antitoxin distinct. An antigen is found on a pathogen; a complementary antibody binds to that antigen; an antitoxin neutralises a toxin.
Do not say that antibodies kill every pathogen directly. State that a particular antibody binds to its complementary antigen and helps the immune system deal with that pathogen.
For an explanation of vaccination, give the whole sequence: dead or inactive pathogen introduced → white blood cells produce specific antibodies → memory cells remain → later response is faster → illness is prevented.
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