Explain the concept of half-life as the average time required for the number of radioactive nuclei in a sample to halve, or for the count rate to halve.
Relate the concept of half-life to the fundamentally random nature of radioactive decay, recognizing that predicting individual decay events is impossible.
Interpret given data and decay curves to accurately determine the half-life of a radioactive isotope.
Carry out mathematical calculations to determine the net decline in radioactive emission after a specified number of half-lives, expressing the result as a ratio.