AQA GCSE Combined Science Trilogy key terms

The study of objects too small to see clearly with the unaided eye, using microscopes.

The regular movement of organisms between areas, often at different times of year.

A process in which parts of a dead organism are replaced by minerals as they decay, preserving their shape.

A sub-cellular structure where the reactions of aerobic respiration take place, releasing energy for cellular processes.

A type of cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell.

Two or more elements or compounds together without being chemically combined with one another. Each substance retains its chemical properties.

The phase that moves through the stationary phase and carries dissolved substances; in paper chromatography, this is the solvent.

The value that occurs most often in a dataset.

The mass of one mole of a substance, usually expressed in g/mol. Its numerical value equals the substance’s relative formula mass.

The ratio of amounts in moles in which substances react or form, given by the coefficients in a balanced chemical equation.

The unit of amount of substance, written mol. For a substance of known molar mass, the amount in moles is its mass divided by its molar mass.

A formula showing the actual number of atoms of each element in one molecule.

A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.

The relative proportions of substances expressed as amounts in moles.

Melted into the liquid state.

The property of a moving object calculated using $p = mv$, where mass is measured in kilograms and velocity in metres per second. Momentum has a direction and is measured in kg m/s.

Existing as single atoms rather than atoms bonded together in molecules.

The growing of only one type of crop in an agricultural area.

The force experienced by a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field.

A neurone that carries electrical impulses from the central nervous system to an effector.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a strain of bacteria resistant to several antibiotics and therefore difficult to treat.

A sticky substance that traps particles and pathogens in the nose and airways.

An organism made of many cells.

The birth of two or more babies from one pregnancy, such as twins or triplets.

A condition in which muscles stop contracting efficiently during prolonged vigorous activity.

A change in genetic material that can produce a new inherited characteristic.

Technology that uses structures on the nanometre scale to make materials or devices with useful properties.