Resistance

Some Pirates went beyond non-conformity into active resistance: they spread anti-Nazi graffiti and leaflets, disrupted Nazi activities and helped escaped prisoners. Their actions varied between groups, so it is misleading to treat every member as having the same aims or taking part in the same activities.

Private complaints showed disagreement, whereas resistance involved action against the regime or its policies. Neither necessarily meant an organised attempt to overthrow Hitler. Someone might oppose Nazi interference in their church while accepting other parts of Nazi rule.

British resistance after the invasion of AD 43 was not one continuous, united struggle. Leaders fought in different circumstances, and their supporters did not necessarily share identical aims. Defending territory, protecting a royal family, opposing Roman exploitation and winning control of a kingdom could overlap.

York, its key city, repeatedly became a focus of resistance. William could defeat a rebel force, but keeping the region obedient after his army departed was much harder.