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GCSE Geography · key term
The value of goods and services produced within a country over a year, divided by its population. It indicates average economic output per person, not each person's actual income.
Used by AQA, Edexcel and OCR
Specification 3.1.1.2 · Paper 1
Revise: Effects and Responses to Tectonic HazardsIn 2015, its GDP per capita was below US$1,000, and about 80% of its population lived in rural, often remote communities. These conditions are important because limited resources and difficult access can make emergency relief and rebuilding harder.
Specification 5.1 · Paper 2
A country’s annual GDP divided by its population, giving average economic output per person.
Revise: Measuring Development and Comparing RankingsIts limitation is that it measures output, not people’s whole experience of life. It does not directly measure education, health or political corruption. It is also an average: high output concentrated among a small wealthy group can raise GDP per capita even when many people remain poor.
Paper 1, Paper 3
A country’s annual GDP divided by its population: its average economic output per person.
Revise: Definitions and Indicators of DevelopmentGDP per capita measures economic output per person, whereas life expectancy gives information about health. Political indicators offer a different perspective again.
The total value of goods and services produced within a country over a period, divided by its population. It is an average measure of economic output per person, not everyone's actual income.
Specification 6.1a, 6.2a · Paper 2, Paper 3
Gross domestic product divided by the population: the average value of goods and services produced within a country per person.
Revise: Measuring DevelopmentGDP per capita is a related indicator, but it measures the value of goods and services produced within a country’s borders per person. The key distinction is that GDP focuses on where production occurs, whereas GNI focuses on income earned by the country’s residents.
The value of goods and services produced within a country divided by its population. It is an average, not the income received by every person.
Evaluate an indicator by linking its limitation to what it can hide: GDP per capita is an average, so it cannot show how income is distributed.
When evaluating an indicator, explain both what it reveals and what it leaves out. GDP per capita allows comparison between populations of different sizes, but hides inequality.
GDP per capita is average economic output per person, not the income every person actually receives.
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