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GCSE Chemistry · key term
The electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons.
Used by AQA, Edexcel and OCR
Specification 4.2.1.1 · Paper 1
The electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons throughout a metal.
Revise: Types of Chemical BondsMetallic bonding occurs in metallic elements and alloys. Outer electrons become delocalised: rather than belonging to one atom or one pair of atoms, they can move through the metal. This leaves positive metal ions within the structure.
Specification 1.32, 1.40, 5.5C · Paper 1, Paper 2
Revise: Classification of SubstancesWhat holds the structure together? This may be ionic, covalent or metallic bonding, or intermolecular forces between molecules.
The electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons in a metal.
The strong attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons in a metal or alloy.
Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 2 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Higher), Paper 4 (Higher)
The electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons throughout a metal.
Revise: Bulk properties of metalsThe electrostatic attraction between the ions and these electrons is metallic bonding. This arrangement explains the bulk properties of the piece of metal: how it conducts, changes shape and responds to heating.
For metallic bonding, describe the attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons, rather than saying that the ions share electrons with just one neighbour.
For malleability, explain why shifting layers does not break the metallic bonding; do not just say that the layers slide.
Link each property to a feature of metallic bonding: mobile electrons for conduction, sliding layers for shaping, or strong electrostatic attraction for high melting and boiling points.
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