Investigate the properties of matter using the particle model. Explore density, specific heat capacity, latent heat, and the behaviour of gases, fluids, and materials under stress. Examine the Big Bang theory.
• Define density and specific heat capacity. • Explain changes of state using specific latent heat. • Calculate energy transfers involving heating and state changes.
• Use the particle model to describe solids, liquids, and gases. • Explain physical changes and conservation of mass. • Relate gas temperature to particle kinetic energy and pressure.
• Explain elastic and plastic deformation. • Analyze force-extension relationships for springs and other systems. • Calculate energy stored in stretched springs.
• Define pressure in fluids. • Explain gas pressure and the effect of volume changes. • Explain atmospheric and liquid pressure variation with depth/height. • Explain upthrust and flotation.
• Describe the solar system and orbits. • Explain the formation of the solar system and stars. • Discuss evidence for the Big Bang model (red-shift, expanding universe).
