The Cosmological Argument in Islam

Explain the cosmological argument, specifically referring to the kalam argument in the writings of al-Ghazali, and its use as a philosophical proof for Allah.

Describe what the cosmological argument suggests about the fundamental nature of Allah.

Evaluate divergent Muslim perspectives on the strengths and challenges of the cosmological argument.

Assess Muslim responses to non-religious arguments that challenge the cosmological argument as evidence for Allah's existence.