Edexcel GCSE Geography A key terms

Erosion in which sediment carried by a river scrapes or grinds against its bed and banks, wearing them away.

The removal of water from a river, lake or underground store for use.

The addition of snow and ice to a glacier.

Adjustments that reduce vulnerability to the actual or expected effects of climate change.

Information collected through the operation of organisations or public services, such as visa, border, tax and benefits records, rather than through a survey designed specifically to measure migration.

Housing whose cost is within reach of the people it is intended to accommodate.

Planting trees to establish forest cover on land.

The distribution of a population between different age groups.

Water used for farming, including irrigating crops and providing drinking water for livestock.

Farming that involves growing crops or keeping livestock.

Resources or assistance provided to support people or development, rather than as payment for traded goods or services.

A statement of what an investigation intends to find out.

A large body of air with broadly similar temperature and moisture characteristics, acquired over the region where it forms.

The height of a place above sea level.

A note attached to a photograph or sketch that describes a feature in detail or explains its significance.

The difference between the highest and lowest mean monthly temperatures in a year.

Caused by human activities.

A layer of permeable rock that stores groundwater and allows it to move through the rock.

The growing of crops, rather than the rearing of livestock.

An opening through a headland with a roof of rock remaining above it.

A narrow, steep-sided ridge formed between glacially eroded hollows or valleys.

An environment with a normally dry climate, usually receiving less than 250 mm of rainfall each year.

The force exerted by the weight of air on a unit area of the Earth's surface.

The wearing down of sediment particles as they collide, making them smaller and more rounded.

The use of machines or computer-controlled systems to carry out tasks previously performed by people.

The return movement of water down a beach under gravity.

A ridge of deposited sediment extending across a bay and joining two headlands.