Black Widow (2021): a Marvel Studios superhero film starring Scarlett Johansson, released by Disney in cinemas and on its Disney+ streaming service at the same time, after delays during the pandemic.
Industry: Disney's ownership of Marvel, conglomerates and vertical and horizontal integration, global marketing and distribution, and the dispute with its star over streaming income.
Regulation: the BBFC and film age ratings.
Studied for industries only, with no analysis of the film's media language or representations. The 2024 Paper 1 asked how blockbuster films are marketed and distributed globally.
