Human Circulatory System — AQA GCSE Combined Science: Synergy 8465
AQA GCSE Combined Science: Synergy · 8465
Human Circulatory System
What you need to know
Describe the structural layout of the human dual circulatory system and its integration with the gaseous exchange system.
Explain how the distinct structures of the heart (including ventricles and valves) and specific blood vessels are specialized for their physiological functions.
Detail the pathway of blood through the right ventricle to the lungs for gas exchange, and from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.
Identify and state the functions of the main cardiac blood vessels: aorta, vena cava, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, and coronary arteries.
Describe the structural adaptations of the lungs for gas exchange, emphasizing the roles of the trachea, bronchi, alveoli, and surrounding capillary networks.
Explain how the natural resting heart rate is regulated by pacemaker cells in the right atrium and how artificial pacemakers correct irregularities.
Differentiate between the structure and function of arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Describe the essential substances transported by the circulatory system, including oxygen, carbon dioxide, and dissolved food molecules.
