The pH Scale and Neutralisation

Recall that acids form hydrogen ions when they dissolve in water, and aqueous solutions of alkalis contain hydroxide ions.
Describe how relative acidity and alkalinity are measured using the pH scale from 0 to 14, utilizing universal indicator or a pH probe.
Recognize that a solution with a pH of 7 is neutral, acids have pH values less than 7, and alkalis have pH values greater than 7.
Use the pH scale to identify acidic or alkaline solutions in various contexts.
Explain that aqueous neutralisation reactions can be generalized as hydrogen ions reacting with hydroxide ions to form water.
Use the formulae of common ions to write balanced ionic equations for neutralisation reactions (Higher Tier only).

What you need to know