Water and Nitrogen Balance

Explain the effect of osmotic changes on cells.

Describe the loss of water, ions, and urea via lungs, skin, and kidneys.

Explain the formation of urea from excess amino acids (HT only).

Describe the function of kidneys in filtration and selective reabsorption.

Explain the control of water levels by ADH and negative feedback (HT only).

Describe kidney dialysis and organ transplants.